Linux & Terminal Commands

A shell is a command-line interface which allows to perform certain tasks using command

Basic Commands

• cd → change directory
  • cd .. → goes back a single directory
• mkdir → make new folder
  • mkdir -p → makes directories and sub-directories too.
• touch → creates a new file
• ls/dir → lists all the files in the current directory
  • ls -a → displays all the hidden files
  • ls -l → shows more information like size, date about the files in working directory.
  • ls -R → show files, directories and sub-directories as well.
• xdg-open / open → opens the graphical interface of the present working directory.
• pwd → Print Working Directory
• cp → creates a copy of a file or a folder
  • cp -R → copies directories and also the sub-directories
• mv → moves files If names of two files are given, then the file gets renamed.
• rm → removes only files permanently.
  • rm -R → removes directories permanently.
  • rm -rf → force remove of files or directories.
• sudo → Super User Do gives system administrator privileges. sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade is used to download and install updates.